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A state in Nigeria’s South-South geopolitical zone is called Cross River State. The state, which bears its name after the Cross River, was created on May 27, 1967, from the eastern portion of the Eastern Region. Its capital is Calabar, and its borders with Benue State to the north, Ebonyi State and Abia State to the west, Akwa Ibom State to the southwest, and Cameroon to the east make up part of the country’s eastern border. The region that is presently Akwa Ibom state, which became a separate state in 1987, was once part of Cross River state, which was earlier known as the South-Eastern State before being renamed in 1976.
With an estimated population of more than 3.8 million as of 2016, Cross River state is the 27th most populated and nineteenth largest in terms of area of the 36 states in Nigeria. Geographically, the state is mostly divided between the Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests in the majority of the interior and the Guinean forest-savanna mosaic in the extreme north. The Central African mangroves in the coastal far south and a portion of the montane forests of the Cameroonian Highlands in the far northeast are the smallest ecoregions. The Cross River, which runs through the center of the state, forms part of its western boundary, flows into the Cross River Estuary, and is the state’s most notable geographical feature. The Calabar and Great Kwa rivers, which originate in the interior Oban Hills and flank the city of Calabar before entering the Cross River Estuary, are also significant rivers. Several biodiverse protected areas, including as Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, and Mbe Mountains Community Forest, may be found in the state’s forested interior. Along with some of the last remaining populations of Nigeria’s Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee, drill, African forest elephant, and Cross River gorilla, these wildlife reserves are home to populations of Preuss’s red colobus, African forest buffalo, bat hawk, tree pangolin, grey-necked rockfowl, and West African slender-snouted crocodile.
Several ethnic groups, primarily the Efik of the riverside south and Calabar, the Ekoi (Ejagham) of the inland south, the Akunakuna, Boki, Bahumono, and Yakö (Yakurr) of the central region, and the Bekwarra, Ogoja, Bette, Igede, and Ukelle (Kukele) of the northern region, have lived in the current Cross River state for hundreds of years. What is now the state of Cross River was separated into different ethnic groups during the pre-colonial era; part of these communities joined the Aro Confederacy, while the Efik established the Akwa Akpa (Old Calabar) city-state. As the seat of the Oil Rivers Protectorate, the latter was made a British protectorate in 1884; nevertheless, it wasn’t until the early 1900s that the British officially took over the entire region. The protectorate, which is now known as the Niger Coast Protectorate, was united into the Southern Nigeria Protectorate at about the same time. British Nigeria later combined with this protectorate.[10] Following the merger, a large portion of the present-day state of Cross River was transformed into a hub of trade and anti-colonial resistance during the Women’s War.
The region that is currently known as Cross River state gained its independence in 1960 and was a part of the Eastern Region until 1967, when the region was divided and the area became a component of the South-Eastern state. Less than two months later, during the three-year Nigerian Civil War, the Igbo-majority of the former Eastern Region attempted to secede as the state of Biafra. During Operation Tiger Claw, Calabar and its port were fiercely contested, while the people of Cross River state were harassed by Nigerian forces since they were primarily Biafrans. The South-Eastern state was reconstructed following the end of the war and the unification of Nigeria until 1976, when it was given the new name Cross River state. Eleven years later, the western portion of Cross River state was severed and formed the new Akwa Ibom state. The Bakassi Peninsula, which produces oil, was originally part of the state but was given to Cameroon as per the conditions of the Greentree Agreement.
The Cross River state’s economy, which is largely based on agriculture, also depends on fisheries and crops including cocoyam, rubber, oil palm, yam, cocoa, cashews, and plantains. Tourism in and surrounding nature reserves, at the historic site of the Ikom Monoliths, at the Calabar Carnival, and at the Obudu Mountain Resort are important minor industries. The Human Development Index for Cross River State ranks it joint-thirteenth highest in the nation and there are several tertiary educational institutions there.
List Of Towns and Villages In Cross River State : Adadama Afafanyi / Igonigoni Ebom / Ebijakara Ediba Ekureku I Ekureku II Imabana I Imabana II Itigidi Usumutong Akamkpa Urban Awi Eku Iko Ikpai Mbarakom Oban Ojuk North Ojuk South Uyanga Atimbo East Atimbo West Eneyo Idundu / Anyanganse Ikang Central Ikang North Ikang South …
